Which statement best describes the relationship between energy production and nuclear fission?

Nuclear fission is indeed a primary method for generating electricity, which is accurately reflected in the correct statement. During the fission process, heavy atomic nuclei, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, are split into lighter nuclei, releasing a significant amount of energy in the form of heat. This heat is then used to produce steam that drives turbines connected to generators, thus creating electricity.

This method of energy production is highly efficient, as the energy generated from a relatively small amount of nuclear fuel can power large cities for extended periods. In comparison to traditional energy sources like fossil fuels, nuclear fission can produce a much greater energy output per unit of mass, illustrating its effectiveness as a means of electricity generation.

The other statements do not accurately represent the role of nuclear fission. While fission generates substantially more energy than chemical processes, stating that it produces less energy would not be true. Similarly, while fission has applications in medical technology, its main use is in power generation. Lastly, the efficiency of fission processes is generally greater than that of burning coal, making that option inaccurate as well.