What material is typically used to construct the containment vessel of a nuclear reactor?

The containment vessel of a nuclear reactor is typically constructed from concrete reinforced with steel because of its exceptional strength, durability, and radiation-shielding properties. Concrete provides the necessary structural integrity to contain high-pressure conditions inside the reactor, while steel reinforcement enhances its ability to withstand potential seismic activity and impacts.

Additionally, concrete is effective at attenuating radiation, making it safe for both the reactor's operation and the surrounding environment. This combination of materials ensures that the containment structure can effectively prevent the release of radioactive materials in the event of an accident, thereby protecting public safety and the environment.

Other materials, such as plastic, glass, wood, lead, or aluminum, do not possess the required strength or radiation shielding characteristics needed for such a critical application, making them unsuitable for constructing a nuclear reactor's containment vessel.