What is the containment vessel's primary purpose in a nuclear reactor?

The primary purpose of the containment vessel in a nuclear reactor is to prevent the escape of radioactive materials. This robust, fortified structure surrounds the reactor core and other vital components to ensure that, in the event of an accident or malfunction, radioactive substances cannot leak into the environment. This containment is critical for protecting both the public and the environment from potential harm due to radiation.

While the containment vessel does not function to store fuel rods, generate steam, or cool down the reactor, its main role is focused on safety and security. By maintaining a sealed environment, it plays a crucial part in nuclear safety protocols, ensuring that any radioactive materials produced during nuclear fission remain contained within the reactor structure, thereby minimizing any risk of contamination or exposure.