What is produced when the nucleus splits during fission?

During nuclear fission, the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into two smaller nuclei, which are often referred to as fission fragments. This process releases a significant amount of energy and typically also produces several neutrons—usually two to three. These emitted neutrons can then go on to induce fission in other nearby nuclei, leading to a chain reaction, which is the fundamental principle utilized in nuclear reactors and atomic bombs.

The production of two smaller nuclei and several neutrons is a defining characteristic of fission, differentiating it from other nuclear processes. This understanding is crucial for comprehending the energy generation mechanisms in nuclear power and the principles behind nuclear weapons.