How does the amplitude of a wave affect its energy?

The amplitude of a wave directly relates to the energy it carries. When the amplitude of a wave increases, it means that the wave has larger displacements from its equilibrium position. This larger displacement translates to a greater energy transfer. For example, in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, higher amplitudes result in louder sounds, indicating more energy.

In terms of wave physics, energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude. This means that if the amplitude doubles, the energy increases by a factor of four. Therefore, a wave with a higher amplitude indeed corresponds to higher energy, confirming that the correct choice is the one indicating this relationship. Understanding this principle is essential for recognizing how different wave characteristics affect their behavior and effects in various physical contexts.